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Adafruit_BME280.py
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214
Adafruit_BME280.py
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# Copyright (c) 2014 Adafruit Industries
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# Author: Tony DiCola
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#
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# Based on the BMP280 driver with BME280 changes provided by
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# David J Taylor, Edinburgh (www.satsignal.eu)
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#
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# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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#
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# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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#
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# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
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# THE SOFTWARE.
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import logging
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import time
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# BME280 default address.
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BME280_I2CADDR = 0x77
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# Operating Modes
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BME280_OSAMPLE_1 = 1
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BME280_OSAMPLE_2 = 2
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BME280_OSAMPLE_4 = 3
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BME280_OSAMPLE_8 = 4
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BME280_OSAMPLE_16 = 5
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# BME280 Registers
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_T1 = 0x88 # Trimming parameter registers
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_T2 = 0x8A
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_T3 = 0x8C
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P1 = 0x8E
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P2 = 0x90
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P3 = 0x92
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P4 = 0x94
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P5 = 0x96
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P6 = 0x98
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P7 = 0x9A
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P8 = 0x9C
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P9 = 0x9E
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H1 = 0xA1
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H2 = 0xE1
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H3 = 0xE3
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H4 = 0xE4
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H5 = 0xE5
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H6 = 0xE6
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BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H7 = 0xE7
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BME280_REGISTER_CHIPID = 0xD0
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BME280_REGISTER_VERSION = 0xD1
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BME280_REGISTER_SOFTRESET = 0xE0
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BME280_REGISTER_CONTROL_HUM = 0xF2
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BME280_REGISTER_CONTROL = 0xF4
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BME280_REGISTER_CONFIG = 0xF5
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BME280_REGISTER_PRESSURE_DATA = 0xF7
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BME280_REGISTER_TEMP_DATA = 0xFA
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BME280_REGISTER_HUMIDITY_DATA = 0xFD
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class BME280(object):
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def __init__(self, mode=BME280_OSAMPLE_1, address=BME280_I2CADDR, i2c=None,
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**kwargs):
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self._logger = logging.getLogger('Adafruit_BMP.BMP085')
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# Check that mode is valid.
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if mode not in [BME280_OSAMPLE_1, BME280_OSAMPLE_2, BME280_OSAMPLE_4,
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BME280_OSAMPLE_8, BME280_OSAMPLE_16]:
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raise ValueError(
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'Unexpected mode value {0}. Set mode to one of BME280_ULTRALOWPOWER, BME280_STANDARD, BME280_HIGHRES, or BME280_ULTRAHIGHRES'.format(mode))
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self._mode = mode
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# Create I2C device.
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if i2c is None:
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import Adafruit_GPIO.I2C as I2C
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i2c = I2C
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self._device = i2c.get_i2c_device(address, **kwargs)
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# Load calibration values.
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self._load_calibration()
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self._device.write8(BME280_REGISTER_CONTROL, 0x3F)
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self.t_fine = 0.0
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def _load_calibration(self):
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self.dig_T1 = self._device.readU16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_T1)
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self.dig_T2 = self._device.readS16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_T2)
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self.dig_T3 = self._device.readS16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_T3)
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self.dig_P1 = self._device.readU16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P1)
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self.dig_P2 = self._device.readS16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P2)
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self.dig_P3 = self._device.readS16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P3)
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self.dig_P4 = self._device.readS16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P4)
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self.dig_P5 = self._device.readS16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P5)
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self.dig_P6 = self._device.readS16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P6)
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self.dig_P7 = self._device.readS16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P7)
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self.dig_P8 = self._device.readS16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P8)
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self.dig_P9 = self._device.readS16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_P9)
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self.dig_H1 = self._device.readU8(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H1)
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self.dig_H2 = self._device.readS16LE(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H2)
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self.dig_H3 = self._device.readU8(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H3)
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self.dig_H6 = self._device.readS8(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H7)
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h4 = self._device.readS8(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H4)
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h4 = (h4 << 24) >> 20
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self.dig_H4 = h4 | (self._device.readU8(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H5) & 0x0F)
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h5 = self._device.readS8(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H6)
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h5 = (h5 << 24) >> 20
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self.dig_H5 = h5 | (
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self._device.readU8(BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H5) >> 4 & 0x0F)
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'''
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print '0xE4 = {0:2x}'.format (self._device.readU8 (BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H4))
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print '0xE5 = {0:2x}'.format (self._device.readU8 (BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H5))
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print '0xE6 = {0:2x}'.format (self._device.readU8 (BME280_REGISTER_DIG_H6))
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print 'dig_H1 = {0:d}'.format (self.dig_H1)
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print 'dig_H2 = {0:d}'.format (self.dig_H2)
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print 'dig_H3 = {0:d}'.format (self.dig_H3)
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print 'dig_H4 = {0:d}'.format (self.dig_H4)
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print 'dig_H5 = {0:d}'.format (self.dig_H5)
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print 'dig_H6 = {0:d}'.format (self.dig_H6)
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'''
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def read_raw_temp(self):
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"""Reads the raw (uncompensated) temperature from the sensor."""
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meas = self._mode
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self._device.write8(BME280_REGISTER_CONTROL_HUM, meas)
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meas = self._mode << 5 | self._mode << 2 | 1
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self._device.write8(BME280_REGISTER_CONTROL, meas)
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sleep_time = 0.00125 + 0.0023 * (1 << self._mode)
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sleep_time = sleep_time + 0.0023 * (1 << self._mode) + 0.000575
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sleep_time = sleep_time + 0.0023 * (1 << self._mode) + 0.000575
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time.sleep(sleep_time) # Wait the required time
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msb = self._device.readU8(BME280_REGISTER_TEMP_DATA)
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lsb = self._device.readU8(BME280_REGISTER_TEMP_DATA + 1)
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xlsb = self._device.readU8(BME280_REGISTER_TEMP_DATA + 2)
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raw = ((msb << 16) | (lsb << 8) | xlsb) >> 4
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return raw
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def read_raw_pressure(self):
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"""Reads the raw (uncompensated) pressure level from the sensor."""
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"""Assumes that the temperature has already been read """
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"""i.e. that enough delay has been provided"""
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msb = self._device.readU8(BME280_REGISTER_PRESSURE_DATA)
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lsb = self._device.readU8(BME280_REGISTER_PRESSURE_DATA + 1)
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xlsb = self._device.readU8(BME280_REGISTER_PRESSURE_DATA + 2)
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raw = ((msb << 16) | (lsb << 8) | xlsb) >> 4
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return raw
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def read_raw_humidity(self):
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"""Assumes that the temperature has already been read """
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"""i.e. that enough delay has been provided"""
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msb = self._device.readU8(BME280_REGISTER_HUMIDITY_DATA)
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lsb = self._device.readU8(BME280_REGISTER_HUMIDITY_DATA + 1)
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raw = (msb << 8) | lsb
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return raw
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def read_temperature(self):
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"""Gets the compensated temperature in degrees celsius."""
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# float in Python is double precision
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UT = float(self.read_raw_temp())
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var1 = (UT / 16384.0 - self.dig_T1 / 1024.0) * float(self.dig_T2)
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var2 = ((UT / 131072.0 - self.dig_T1 / 8192.0) * (
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UT / 131072.0 - self.dig_T1 / 8192.0)) * float(self.dig_T3)
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self.t_fine = int(var1 + var2)
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temp = (var1 + var2) / 5120.0
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return temp
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def read_pressure(self):
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"""Gets the compensated pressure in Pascals."""
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adc = self.read_raw_pressure()
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var1 = self.t_fine / 2.0 - 64000.0
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var2 = var1 * var1 * self.dig_P6 / 32768.0
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var2 = var2 + var1 * self.dig_P5 * 2.0
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var2 = var2 / 4.0 + self.dig_P4 * 65536.0
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var1 = (
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self.dig_P3 * var1 * var1 / 524288.0 + self.dig_P2 * var1) / 524288.0
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var1 = (1.0 + var1 / 32768.0) * self.dig_P1
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if var1 == 0:
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return 0
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p = 1048576.0 - adc
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p = ((p - var2 / 4096.0) * 6250.0) / var1
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var1 = self.dig_P9 * p * p / 2147483648.0
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var2 = p * self.dig_P8 / 32768.0
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p = p + (var1 + var2 + self.dig_P7) / 16.0
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return p
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def read_humidity(self):
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adc = self.read_raw_humidity()
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# print 'Raw humidity = {0:d}'.format (adc)
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h = self.t_fine - 76800.0
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h = (adc - (self.dig_H4 * 64.0 + self.dig_H5 / 16384.8 * h)) * (
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self.dig_H2 / 65536.0 * (1.0 + self.dig_H6 / 67108864.0 * h * (
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1.0 + self.dig_H3 / 67108864.0 * h)))
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h = h * (1.0 - self.dig_H1 * h / 524288.0)
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if h > 100:
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h = 100
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elif h < 0:
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h = 0
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return h
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104
README.md
104
README.md
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# Wetterstation
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Aufbau einer Wetterstation mit Raspberry Pi und mehreren Sensoren - Programmiersprache: Python
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## Bauteile:
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Raspberry Pi 3 (funktioniert auch mit Version 2)
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BME280 - Sensor zur Erfassung von Temperatur, Druck, Luftfeuchtigkeit (Bezug: Watterott.com)
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BMP280 - Sensor zur Erfassung von Temperatur, Druck (Bezugs: Adafruit)
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Die Sensoren gibt es auch sehr preisgünstig über ebay aus China
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## Messung
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Die Wetterdaten werden alle 15 Minuten gemessen und in einer externen MySQL-Datenbank gespeichert. Ein Webserver liest diese Daten aus und stellt die Daten grafisch dar.
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Beispiel: https://gussmann-berlin.de/wetter/wetterhome.php
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## Ergänzungen
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1. Über einen kleinen OLED-Screen sollen auf Tastendruck die aktuellen Werte
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angezeigt werden.
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2. Ergänzung um einen Feinstaubsensor
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3. Ergänzung um den günstigeren Chip BMP280 mit angepasster Bibliothek
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# Wetterdaten mit dem Raspberry Pi messen
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**Ziel:** Mit zwei Sensoren und einem Raspberry Pi soll die Temperatur,
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Luftdruck und Luftfeuchtigkeit an zwei Stellen (outdoor/indoor9 gemessen werden.
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## Hardware
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- Raspberry Pi 3 (geht auch mit älteren Modellen + WLAN-Modul)
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- BOSCH BME280 (Bezugsquelle: watterott.com)
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- Adafruit BMP280 (Versuchsweise, ohne Luftfeuchtigkeit)
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## Anschluss der Sensoren
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```
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Sensor Raspberry Pi
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GND ------- GND
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NC -------
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VCC ------- +3.3V
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SCL/SCK ------- SCL
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SDA/SDI ------- SDA
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SD0 ------- *
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CS -------
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```
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Mit SD0 kann die I2C-Adresse geändert werden. Standardmäißg besitzt der Chip
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die Adresse 0x77. Wird SD0 auf HIGH gelegt, so ändert sich die Adresse zu 0x76.
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## Software
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Über Adafruit kann eine Bibliothek zu diesem Chip installiert werden. Diese
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Bibliothek setzt die Installation von Adafruit_GPIO voraus. Weitere
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Informationen über https://github.com/adafruit.
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Mit dieser Bibliothek können die Messdaten einfach eingelesen werden:
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```
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#!/usr/bin/python
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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from Adafruit_BME280 import *
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import time
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import urllib
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sensor = BME280(mode=BME280_OSAMPLE_8)
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degrees = sensor.read_temperature()
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pascals = sensor.read_pressure()
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hectopascals = pascals / 100
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humidity = sensor.read_humidity()
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print ("Temperatur (in C) = {0:0.3f} C".format(degrees))
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print ("Luftdruck (in hPa) = {0:0.2f} hPa".format(hectopascals))
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print ("Luftfeuchtigkeit = {0:0.2f} %".format(humidity))
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```
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## Speicherung der Messdaten auf (externer) Datenbank
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Die gemessenen Werten sollen in einer Datenbank gespeichert werden, die sich
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irgendwo auf einem Server befindet. Dazu wird auf diesem Server eine
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upload-php-Seite angelegt, über die mit angehängten Parametern die Speicherung
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erfolgt (näheres unter mysql).
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Ergänzungen des Pythonprogramms:
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```
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import urllib
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url = "http://<server>/upload.php?m=outdoor&t=" +str(round(degrees, 2)) + "&p=" +str(round(hectopascals, 2)) + "&f=" + str(round(humidity, 2))
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urllib.urlopen(url)
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```
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21
bme280-messen.py
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21
bme280-messen.py
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#!/usr/bin/python
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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from Adafruit_BME280 import *
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import urllib
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sensor = BME280(mode=BME280_OSAMPLE_8)
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degrees = sensor.read_temperature()
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pascals = sensor.read_pressure()
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hectopascals = pascals / 100
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humidity = sensor.read_humidity()
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url = "http://<server>/upload.php?m=outdoor&t=" +str(round(degrees, 2)) + "&p=" +str(round(hectopascals, 2)) + "&f=" + str(round(humidity, 2))
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urllib.urlopen(url)
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print ("Temperatur (in C) = {0:0.3f} C".format(degrees))
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print ("Luftdruck (in hPa) = {0:0.2f} hPa".format(hectopascals))
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print ("Luftfeuchtigkeit = {0:0.2f} %".format(humidity))
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